Development of a Telemetric System for Postoperative Follow‐up of Vascular Surgery Procedures: In Vitro Model

BACKGROUND Because of the unique electromagnetic characteristics of the magnetoelastic microwire, the changes in the pressure of a fluid will provoke a variation of the mechanical pressure on the sensor, which will cause a variation of its magnetization that will be detectable wirelessly. Thus, a wireless system can be developed for following up vascular surgery procedures. METHODS AND RESULTS The sensor consists of a magnetoelastic microwire ring, which was integrated into an in vitro model with pulsatile flow. Different degrees of stenosis were simulated in different locations both in bovine artery as well as in a polytetrafluoroethylene anastomosis. A Fourier analysis of the registered signals and a statistical analysis using Pearson test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were made. A Pearson index of 0.945 (P<0.001) was obtained between the invasive pressure of the fluid and the power of the signal transmitted by the sensor in bovine artery. The sensor obtained very good ROC curves upon analyzing the signals registered, both in the case of preanastomotic stenosis (area under the curve [AUC], 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97-1.00), of anastomosis (AUC, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.86-0.99), as well as distal (AUC, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.98), compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS The magnetoelastic microwire has shown that it is capable of detecting, locating, and quantifying the degree of stenosis in bovine artery, as well as in a latero-terminal anastomosis, with a high statistical potency. For the first time, a wireless in vitro sensor has been developed for the postoperative follow-up of vascular surgery procedures.